Where the Sun Shines, There Hack They

Where the Sun Shines, There Hack They MIT is known for many things, including its legendary hacks. Long a part of MIT folklore, hacks can tell much about MITs culture and subcultureâ€"providing a deeper understanding about intelligence, strategic design, humor and general outlaw behaviorâ€"and serve as another indication of the interdisciplinary nature of MIT. In 2005 MIT Professor Emeritus Samuel Jay Keyser gave a talk on the history of hacks. In Where the Sun Shines, There Hack They, he tells stories from his days as associate provost for student life, brings gadgets and other hack artifacts and gives some very deep background on legendary and notorious hacks, with passion, humor and a high regard for hackers and hacking. He explains that hacks are not silly pranks, but complex and intelligent statements, filled with irony, wit, and meaning that ultimately do no harm. He also deconstructs the psychological nature of hacking, and gets to the inner zen of hacking and what it really reflects about MIT. If youre looking for an unusual but relevant introduction to MIT, I highly recommend this video on MIT World. Keyser is also the author of a brilliant essay in Nightwork, a 2003 book on hacking published by The MIT Press. Little is known about its author, Institute Historian T.F. Peterson, but readers are encouraged to pay very close attention to the notion that perhaps the book in itself represents a new kind of hack.

Promoting garage business - Free Essay Example

1. Business Overview Motor Store is a newly established company in the auto industry situated in Omagh, Northern Ireland. Its objective is to satisfy local demand for auto parts and to sell products to local garages as well as the general public. Chairperson Brendan McAnulla will be in charge of the start-up of the store, its daily operations and also be responsible to the board. Financial resources for the company will be supported by the business program run by the Bank of Ireland. In terms of human resources available a skilled workforce will contribute to the success of the business in terms of both its management and operation functions. The product ranges to be dealt with by the company can be divided into four categories: car parts including replacements parts such as clutches and maintenance items such as oil/lubricants etc; car entertainment, tools for repair and maintenance and other miscellaneous car care products. The selling of brand products with high levels of recognition in the industry from suppliers such as Delphi, Valeo, Castrol Oil, and Bosch JVC car audio to a degree positions Motor Store as a company drawing upon an image of quality goods and superior customer service. As Gilbert (1999) points out pr oducts are a combination of tangible material and intangible value and as such brand names have significant impacts on the evaluation of intangible assets for products in the minds of customers. Thus it can be said to be useful for a car parts retailer to intermix corporate branding with quality brand goods. Along these lines the company has managed to secure a unique distribution channel of Delphi products. The major selected methods of selling so fare are to be in-store purchases and also mail shots which can support both in-store and mail order purchasing. The store will be located in the Gortrush industrial estate as it is one of the biggest car products exchange centers in Omagh. The location is convenient for traffic and offers a sophisticated infrastructure with easy access to and from a large hinterland surrounding the area as well as major arteries to Belfast. In addition placement in the industrial estate means the company will be able to obtain government support in te rms of tax benefits and lower renting cost from the special zoning regulations involved. This can be argued to be essential elements for a starting business such as Motor Store bringing overall cost-effective benefits during the difficult initial stages of trading. Working from the customer base of the industrial estate itself Motor Store is located next to a well established car paint distributor which should have the effect of providing an initial pool of possible customers from an already established business in a complimentary aspect of the industry. The store will be 3000 sq f. which will include front shelf based displays and a store room used to store car parts such as brakes. A well-presented display area supported by effective merchandise will result in a better shopping environment which will contribute to initial customer attraction in purchasing goods, (Markham, 1998). The pricing strategy to be employed by Motor Store follows a cost-orientated model which is often ch osen by new businesses because of the lower financial risks involved. In using this then the type of management technique adopted by Motor Store is Cash flow Profit Planner. A high cash flow level is able to decrease risks related to finance and operations which is a useful strategy for new businesses and one generally also it must be acknowledged supported by financial backers of new businesses. During these primary stages sales performance will be vital so Motor Store will plan to exploit a range of promotional tools to build a healthy sales base as quickly as possible. First in order to attract customers to purchase in the store the company plans to offer special product ranges at a pricing below full cost covering only direct costs. In doing so the store aims to create a price advantage over competitors in the short term and generate its own customer base rapidly. It is useful to blend pricing tools with other elements of a marketing mix since rapid penetration is essential for new businesses in gaining market share in the short term, (Shipley, 1981). Motor Store will also aim to exploit its promotional mix effectively in order to build up long term customer relationships as well as achieving short term market penetration. In retail situations the customer has full freedom in choosing products without the presence of a salesperson however an effective sales assistant is able to both assist and encourage customers in determining their choice of products. This face-to-face and human element can be a critical success factor for any retailer and arguably is even more so in the case of the company as part of its targeted market are trade-based individuals. This will necessitate sales assistants who have a degree of technical knowledge concerning the product range which allows them to deal with technical questions from a knowledgeable customer. Motor Store aims to concentrate on one to one contact and interaction with consumers as a direct way of communicatin g with customers. It is relatively easy using these methods then to provide information about the store such as contact cards and also provide special introductory offers directly and also promotional gifts, for example Replica cars. These human touches should encourage customers to purchase and will it is hoped provide a foundation for building long term loyalty to the company. Motor Store will also make use of radio advertisements and press advertising along with public relations activities such as sponsorship for garage staff training and customer events like trips to Silverstone and indoor karting. In doing so Motor Store aims to promote and image of customer friendly service and build long term business relationships with customers. This will be able to provide competitive advantages in competing with other retailers by leveraging store loyalty over the long term. As Blythe (2000) suggests public relations has become critical for companiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ survival over the long term and contributes also to adding extra value to each function in the value chain, from logistics to marketing and services. In addition to the former promotional activities Motor Store will also aim to provide mail shots and catalogues to customers which will allow them to order by mail. In the UK mail order services are linked with an image of cheap and convenience for industries such as the car part retailing industry. Therefore the use of mail order from catalogues will help Motor Store to spread its service and influence over a wider range of area and possible customers. These efforts made by Motor Store can be said generally aim to generate positive word-of-mouth with high quality products and professional service levels. The success of the measures should ensure the company quickly establishes a positive reputation in the market which will provide a solid foundation for continued success and growth. 2. Review of the external and internal environment PESTEL Frame work and Industrial Five Forces Model It is vital for managers to make sense and comprehend the factors comprising the environments in which their organisations will operate. Thus analysis of business environments becomes an essential tool of strategic management. Johnson and Scholes (2002) suggest that the external environments in which organisations operate can be analysed from macro and micro viewpoints. The framework of a PESTEL analysis is useful in giving a detailed macro account and this is the analytical tool to be used by Motor Store. The PESTEL model namely concentrates on political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal factors. It provides insight into the core elements to be aware of when looking at the macro factors of relevance for organisational operations. Firstly whilst there has been continuous encouragement from local government and national government in developing the UK automotive industry there has recently been a downturn in demands for automotives as well as automotive parts, (De Saint-Seine, 2005). Retailing appears to occupy a vital role in understanding this economic change and this trend may have roots in the poor economic performance of England generally resulting in lower GDP and lowered consumer confidence towards purchasing expensive goods such as cars. However conversely it may be a feature that lowered confidence in purchasing new cars may go hand-in-hand with desires to maintain already existing purchases for a longer time, therefore Motorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Storeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s supply of replacement and maintenance parts may be a significant growth area given environmental conditions. However studies reveal that the demand for luxury cars continues growing as a result of technological development in the automotive field as well as changes in peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s lifestyle, (Roy and Griggs, 2005). The purchase of new cars is also impacted significantly by MOT requirements and EU legislation dealing with automobiles and cars. As such these elements indicate a strong position for Motor Store if demands for products can be successfully taken advantage of by the company. It is obvious then that the car parts retailing industry is closely linked to the car repair industry. Therefore the recent report for a consortium of motor manufacturers and repair garages resulted in the launching of the Automotive Technician Accreditation (ATA) scheme, an industry-standard brand developed to counter rip-off and substandard operators in the industry. This could have major influences on car parts retailers and provide an externally recognisable accreditation for consumers in determining the quality of a service provider, (Solley, 2005). This will be reinforced by the fact that the repair industry standards will be supported by various public awareness advertising campaigns over the next year which seeks to secure and recognise good practice in the car repair industry. It is reasonable to say that the higher standard of repairing services will not only require more technologically skilled garage workforce but also higher quality car parts and advanced repairing tools. As a result Motor Store should be in a strong position to capitalise on these trends. Additionally both organisations and individuals are subject to an unprecedented pace of technological change in the way business challenges are approached and the nature of these challenges in the 21st century. In order to keep pace with these changes information systems have evolved their role in business in terms of integration within management and services enabling for example electronic commerce methods to be deployed and controlled easily, (Elliot, 2002). This is also the case in the car parts retailing industry in that retailers can exploit computerised systems to control daily operations, stocks and merchandise tracking/ordering. From the customerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s perspective the increasing use of the Int ernet means there is an increasing acceptance of this new shopping form. The United Kingdom is one of the leading countries in relation to e-commerce generally in terms of legislative regulatory support of Internet retailing and has an extensive broadband infrastructure upon which e-retailing methods depend. The UK government continues to strongly advocate the development of a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"legal and fiscal environmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ to facilitate itself to be the best place in the world to conduct e-commerce by 2002, (Galliers Wiggins, 2002). Such avenues represent possible means for Motor Store to differentiate itself further and reach a much wider possible market both in Northern Ireland and possibly also on the mainland. Linked with this IT and communications infrastructures and digital services companies as well as competitive financial marketplaces, such as London being one of the main European financial centres plays an essential role in the building of dependably e-s hopping networks. Surveys indicate that consumer acceptance of e-shopping in the UK is much higher than other countries in Europe, (Forrester Research, 2000). Thus it is unsurprising note already existing websites used by car parts retailing companies to sell online. Due to the nature of the market buying behaviour in that customers are more sophisticated and technically knowledgeable there is a requirement for full information and advice from sales person as well as detailed search information during the purchasing process. Research has demonstrated that information-rich products attract consumers in buying and websites can be useful in helping buyers better understand a productà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s feature and benefits, (Eisenmann Brown, 2002). Thus a combination of traditional players and new eBusiness parties might drive the development of the business-to-customer market in the car parts retailing industry. The fact that this phenomenon is a relatively new feature means again tha t Motor Store is in a position to capture a significant share of this emerging sector of the market. Furthermore it is vital to be cognisant of the changes in peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s lifestyle which can be defined as a personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s pattern of living in the world expressed in his/her activities, interest and opinions, (Kotler, 1986). Firstly research reveals that modern customers demand more time for leisure, sports, fashion and music products, (Frenie, J., Fernie, S. Moore, 2003). This arguably suggests that car accessory/entertainment devices ranges will increasingly contribute to car parts retailersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ sales performance. Secondly rapid technological development causes automotive product life cycles to be shorter than ever before so branding strategy is often used by retailers to build and draw upon customer loyalty. It has been reported that modern customers are less loyal to one retailer thus effective public relations plays a vital role in maint aining customer trust. Thirdly in relation to automotive purchases more and more people show concern over environmental issues during the buying process. National standards such as the MOT legally requires high quality levels for cars in respect of environmental issues thus people are often legally required to purchase environmentally friendly products. Last but not least it is useful to be aware that a result of demographic trends the population is gradually ageing meaning older rather than younger customers being the larger possible market, (Gilbert, 1999). Two possible results from this include less time for in-store shopping as a result of work pressures and more brand sensitivity when they purchase due to longer periods of exposure to certain brands. This reflects Maslowà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s hierarchy of needs framework in that people seek to satisfy high level needs such as self-esteem, social status through purchasing branded products, (Maslow, 1998). Taken together these trend s imply the possibility for Motor Store to position itself as both a high quality provider in terms of products but also one which takes account of more sophisticated social concerns articulated by an ageing demographic. To take advantage of this successfully though would arguably need market research concerning the preferences and demands of older customers. In terms of the industrial environment it is worthwhile mentioning the five forces framework in that it provides a useful guide for the analysis of external environments organisation compete in. The competition generally in the automotive parts retailing industry has become increasingly intense. As a result of the downturn in the selling of cars the demands for the car parts are expected to slow down correspondingly. Yet as mentioned this trend may be countered by demands for maintenance related parts. In addition to traditional retailers there are also more e-sellers which are able to offer significant price advantages due to lower store and labour costs. Generally speaking the bargaining power of buyers has increased and consumers as a result need to be put at the centre of any strategic decision making carried out by retailers. It is essential for retailers then that they meet customer needs bearing in mind the changes associated with car purchasing and repair behaviours. On the other hand retailers can exercise more power in relation to suppliers since they could select the right products to sell meaning more ability to negotiate special product offers. Finally the future of new entrants in this market remains unclear since small businesses along with big companies might enter the market yet due to the downturn there might also be exiting of some already established operators. SWOT Analysis Key strategic information about the business environment can be summarised in the form of a SWOT analysis bearing in mind the core strategic resources and capabilities within the organization. Therefore fi rst of all it is essential to identify Motor Storeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s strategic resources as well as its weaknesses. As a newly established store compared with its major competitors such as M L Auto parts and Auto Components Motor Store lacks an established customer base as well as a store brand name. Motor Store also does not have its own distribution vans currently meaning it will be inconvenient to provide mail order or online booking for its entire product ranges forcing it to depend on external distribution networks. Thus compared to its main competitors who possess their own vans for the delivery of products Motor Store is in a weak competitive position on this point. However as a new company Motor Store will be able to apply the latest technological applications enabling them to have competitive advantages in relation to techniques as there is no need to alter an already established organisational architecture to be able to apply such innovations. The offer of free technolog ical training for garages could generate good relationships with local garages that are a major part of targeted customers for the company. It is fair to say that professional and high-quality customer service is the most important strength for the store. This can be formed and solidified in the efforts in building good public relations and in-store services. Motor Store not only offers for example free parking coverage but also engages in various promotional services such as technique training for customers and free gifts. The unique distribution of Delphi products range secured by the company will enable them to satisfy customer needs for specific quality goods better than competitors. Also the solid basis of its supplier relationship will generate cost advantages for the store in terms of direct costs as well as providing unique resources for the distribution of certain brand products such as Delphi. This can be seen as a vital strength compared to other retailers since brandi ng quality goods to a large extent contributes to its overall competitive position. The financial support from Bank of Ireland should provide financial strength in terms of the corporate cash flow allowing responsive stocking of up-to-date product merchandise. Also the convenient location for the store provides a ready customer pool from which trade customers can be drawn and convenient distribution channels set up. In considering opportunities and threats changes in the environments have been dramatic and the pace of change is also intense in the competitive business world. One of the most important aspects of change is the development of technology linked to automotive and car repairing. As mentioned before the general downturn in the automotive market generates potential threats to the store. However growing demands for technologically advanced luxury cars also give opportunities to Motor Store if they can be exploited successfully. Motor Store as a new company is able to assi milate new information faster than older organisation according to organisational learning cycle frameworks. Thus the selling of brand products and technologically advanced car parts and repairing tools will give the company the opportunity to build up good relationships with car users particularly luxury car users and garages who have to keep pace with technological developments. As discussed the wide use of the Internet generates both threats and opportunities for Motor Store. On the one hand it is clear that online car parts retailers have cost advantages over traditional retailers. It means they can use a price premium to cut down profit margins for competitors in respect of quantity and quality. However e-commerce security and privacy related issues have caused some customers to return to traditional ways of purchasing. Yet e-commerce also offers opportunities to integrate businesses in terms of internal stock networks supporting online selling. Whether online features will be opportunities or threats will depend greatly on the successful application of a strategic plan dealing with the ramifications of the technology. Again as a new company Motor Store is in a strong position to develop an organisational structure which takes advantage of the opportunities offered. Regulations and standards developed by the car repair industry and national government also provides opportunities for Motor Store since better through providing higher quality goods Motor Store will be able to create a competitive position in the car parts industry through external quality accreditation. Garages will prefer technologically advanced suppliers and high quality goods in order maintain their service levels. Car users have to purchase better quality goods in order to meet legal requirements for automotives. With changing lifestyles there is also growing demands for car entertainment products and accessory product ranges. Growing interests in environmental issues will allow Moto r Store establish a new environment-orientated store image which should build significant positive customer relationships. While the youth market is predicted to decrease the proportion represented by the student population especially in higher education has grown. This produces a workforce with better education levels to deal with technological developments a significant element given the need for the company to have a knowledgeable workforce able to keep pace with new information as a result of technological development. 3. Current issues that requires strategic planning Strengths + Opportunities Customers are more concerned about brand names when they purchase thus Motor Storeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s high quality goods and various brand product ranges should generate competitive advantages for the company. The provision and retention of a skilled workforce will also help in maintaining brand image and product quality. Therefore the use of a branding strategy needs to combine corporate strengths with opportunities in order for the company to compete effectively in the car parts retailing industry. It is critical to remember that branding strategy not only means the selling of brand products but also means creating a good store brand name through superior customer service as well as the retailing of high quality goods. The provision of a no quibble warranty can be viewed here a significant component of building store loyalty by ensuring customer trust in the quality of the service and product offered by the company. Secondly the development of e-commerce suggests opportunities for Motor Store in developing its online system in terms of internal control networks and corporate website allowing customers to search product information and purchase online increasing overall service provision efficiency. An e-commerce strategy needs to be based on a skilled workforce and have good financial support. As Margolis (1996) points out IT technology will be widely applied in the retailing system with traditional retailing forms being supported by e-commerce being the main trend in the retailing industry. Weaknesses + Opportunities According to the analysis above the main weakness for Motor Store is the lack of a long term established customer base as well as a store brand name. Opportunities based on technological development offer chances to set up a technique-advanced store image through sophisticated operations systems, skilled and professional workforce and high quality products. In doing this and supported by the use of e-commerce and public relations activity Motor Store should be able to effectively develop a good reputation along with a strong store brand name relatively rapidly. Strengths + Threats Due to the decreased market size in the automotive industry Motor Store should strategically position itself in relation to targeted customers. The storeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s strength in providing quality goods offers advantages in relation to luxury car users since they require higher quality parts and more advanced repair tools. The use of a branding strategy arguably can overcome the downturn in the industry generally. In addition the products ranges dealing with car entertainment parts and accessories can generate profits to recover losses incurred by a decreased market size. From this perspective Motor Store should differentiate itself from competitors as a car parts retailer aiming at the luxury level car parts marketplace along with promoting an image related to driving enjoyment through car accessories and easy self service car care. In terms of garages they should be targeted as technologically based garages which require high quality products and technological advanced support systems for car maintenance. The pricing tool is not necessary in this differentiation strategy thus this strategy falls into a customer service based differentiation without a price premium leverage as defined in the strate gy clock, (Johnson and Scholes, 2002). 4. Mission Four principles guide the mission of Motor Store, these being ÃÆ' ¢-  Empowerment of individuals ÃÆ' ¢-  Equality ÃÆ' ¢-  Honesty ÃÆ' ¢-  Democracy Motor Store intends to provide excellent customer service based on superior quality products in order to satisfy customer needs. These customers include local garages and the general public. In terms of garages Motor Store is keen to provide professional and technological support. In relation to the general public Motor Store is eager to help them maintain their driving enjoyment through providing quality products and superior services in ensuring smooth operations of their vehicles. The image to be promoted by the company is encapsulated by being customer friendly and environmentally friendly. 5. Aims and Objectives ÃÆ' ¢-  Product: -To provide varied ranges of top quality products to both garages and ge neral public. 1. Offer high quality car parts supported by a range of branding suppliers. 2. Offer sophisticated and high quality car repair tools in supporting both garages and individual customers. 3. Offer stylish and high quality car entertainment product ranges to enhance driving pleasure. 4. Offer advanced car care products to maintain value for cars owned by customers. ÃÆ' ¢-  People: To build good relationships with several interested parties. 1. Provide superior and professional customer service to customers based on the provision of high quality products and informative advice on these products through supported training of human resource elements. 2. Maintain stable relationships with employees in order to fulfil effective work performance commitments in terms of customer service. 3. Satisfy the corporate board by achieving financial goals including roughly a 30% investment return after the first year in operation coupled with realis able long term organisational growth. ÃÆ' ¢-  Branding: To create a strong brand name for Motor Store in terms of high awareness and recognition in the market for quality products and superior service. 1. Improve brand awareness through an effective marketing and communication mix. 2. Create a brand image of a customer orientated and environmentally concerned company. 3. Improved sales performance through successful implementation of the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s branding strategy. ÃÆ' ¢-  Organisation: To achieve organisational growth. 1. Organisational expansion over the first three years from Northern Irish market to the mainland UK marketplace. 2. Achieve 30% growth rate in the first year and 25% in the following two years. 3. Achieve leadership status in the car components retailing industry through exploiting advanced technological advantages. 4. Effective organisational control through effective intranet, team working networks among different departments. 5. Maintain good relationships with suppliers in order to obtain cost advantages and organisational efficiency in supply distribution channels. ÃÆ' ¢-  E-commerce: To develop an efficient e-commerce model in order to support organisational control and support customer service provision. 1. Develop an efficient internal network contributing to organisational control and effective organisational operations. 2. Develop an integrated supplier-retailer-distributor relationship through e-commerce techniques. 3. Provide online access through a corporate website for product information and access to an e-shopping model. 4. Use e-commerce to support branding strategy in terms of word-of-mouth and building positive brand reputation. 6. Action Plan HR resource plan Customer-focused differentiation strategy This differentiation strategy relies on excellent customer service and high quality products thus primary a ctivities in the value chain from logistics, operations, marketing and sales, and service will each contribute to the effective implementation of the strategy, (White, 2005). As such the logistics department is in charge of product selection from suppliers, product storage, distribution as well as delivery. The use of e-commerce here is able to help achieve just-in-time distribution and product maintenance with substantial cost benefits to the business. The marketing group plays a vital role in the strategic implementation since they are responsible for effective promotional planning including advertising campaigns, PR activities, in-store sales and e-marketing activities. Superior customer service delivery can be achieved through offering quality products, competitive and special offer pricing, in store promotions and convenient delivery channels for customers. It is critical for the company that it applies technological developments in adding value to customer service provision. T he service department is responsible for the training of customers and in-store explanation and sales promotion in relation to products. The HR department is responsible for employee training in order to maintain high levels of expertise and knowledge concerning products among employees and allow for training to be conducted in better customer service techniques. At the beginning stages of a business a flatter organizational architecture supported by an intranet will be employed since this is a useful means of maintaining effective communication between different departments. Thus the leadership style will be a Dominance Approach to begin with and then gradually moving to Shared Vision Approach. This is because a strong organisational culture to a large degree contributes to the efficiency of operations and relations between management teams and employees, (Brooks, 2003). At this stage the strategic position of leadership in the management of business activities is central for th e organisational growth. Cooper (2005) argues that the role of trust as a way of highlighting strategic leadership is essential in corporate management. This is because trust as a belief is vital to the maintenance of business productivity and to the implementation of self-management based teams. For Motor Store one of the main strategic objectives is to build good employee relationships allowing for the retention of skilled workers. By sharing and promoting a strong unifying vision of the organisationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s values and culture in the initial stages the foundations will be laid for a more inclusive approach reflecting shared organisational attributes during the growth phase for the company. Branding Strategy The implementation of a branding strategy requires effective cooperation within the store at all levels of operations and service provision. The marketing department is directly in charge of promotional and communication models which seek to achieve branding ob jectives which include improvement of brand awareness, continued building of brand image and good public relations to increase recognition of brand images. Radio advertisements have been chosen since it is a cheaper medium than TV for advertising is an effective method of communication directly with car users. Advertising in press along with mail shots will be printed out on A4 paper by using a four colour model based on a cost-effective strategy related to such campaigns. The catalogue will be delivered in store by sales people and spreading the store brand name by word-of-mouth is a significant element of the strategy. This will require a professional well-presented and enthusiastic sales team in these initial stages. Also effective communication models rely on quality customer service and quality goods thus it is critical that integration occur with all the primaries activities and functions of the company bearing in mind the branding strategy. E-commerce techniques will allow im plementation of branding goals in the short term at a low cost as a result of low costs involved in the use of the Internet compared with other mediums. Therefore there is a strong need to develop an effective internal network along with a corporate website initially. E-commerce The development of an e-commerce system will be finished within one month. Experts and representatives from different departments will co-operate and contribute to system design in tandem with an external e-commerce skilled consultant. In doing so Motor Store will be able capitalise on the opportunities offered by e-commerce in setting up a business in the short term in terms of improving brand awareness through viral marketing and attracting customers. The delivery of e-marketing products will be fulfilled by subcontracting to Parceline a large, well-recognised and trusted delivery company in the UK which provide services both within Northern Ireland and mainland UK, (Parceline, 2005). ÃÆ' ¢-Ã⠀šÃ‚  Timetable for Strategic Implementation Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Year 1 Employee training. Gather customer data. Develop E-commerce model. Customer Service. Expand customer Base. Build up effective customer relationships. Employee Training program review. Excellent customer service. Achieve differentiation based on customer service. Year 2 Employee training. Maintain competitive advantage. Employee Training. Superior public relations. Maintain differentiation based on customer service. Year 3 Employee training. Maintain existing customers, create new customers. Employee training. Establish leadership position in the car parts retailing industry. Financial Plan ÃÆ' ¢- Assumption Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Plan Month 1 2 3 Current Interest Rate 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% Long-term Interest Rate 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% Tax Rate 25.42% 25.00% 25.42% ÃÆ' ¢- Financial Budget: First Year CATEGORY MONTHLY BUDGET AMOUNT MONTHLY ACTUAL AMOUNT DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ACTUAL AND BUDGET INCOME: Sales Forecast  £15,000 Internet Marketing Sales  £ 500 Interest Income  £100 Capital Gains Income Dividend Income Miscellaneous Income  £140 INCOME SUBTOTAL EXPENSES: Store Rent  £2,500 Utilities: Gas/Water/Electric/Trash  £200 Salary  £6,500 Telephone  £100 Office Repairs/Maintenance  £100 Product  £5,000 Gasoline/Oil  £150 Auto Repairs/Maintenance/Fees Other Transportation (tolls, bus, subway, etc.)  £100 Child Care Auto Insurance  £ 150 Computer Expense  £50 Entertainment/Recreation  £100 Toiletries, Household Products Clothing  £50 Promotion Gifts  £300 Healthcare (medical/dental/vision, inc. insurance) Radio Advertising Campaign  £300 Press Advertisement  £300 Federal Income Tax  £ 200 State Income Tax  £ 200 Social Security/Medicare Tax EXPENSES SUBTOTAL  £11,800 NET INCOME (INCOME LESS EXPENSES)  £4,040 ÃÆ' ¢- Corporate Balance Sheet Current Assets Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Cash  £48,000  £75,000  £120,000 Inventory  £14,000  £17,000  £20,000 Other Current Assets 0 0 0 Total Current Assets  £62,000  £92,000  £140,000 Long-term Assets Long-term Assets  £15,000  £15,000  £15,000 Accumulated Depreciation  £1,000  £3,000  £5,000 Total Long-term Assets  £14,000  £12,000  £1000 Total Assets  £76,000  £104,000  £150,000 Liabilities and Capital Current Liabilities Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Accounts Payable  £13,000  £16,000  £20,000 Current Borrowing 0 0 0 Other Current Liabilities 0 0 0 Subtotal Current Liabilities  £13,000  £16,000  £20,000 Long-term Liabilities 0 0 0 Total Liabilities  £13,000  £16,000  £20,000 Paid-in Capital  £4,300  £4,300  £4,300 Retained Earnings ( £1,000)  £1,200  £4,000 Earnings  £20,000  £18,000  £22,000 Total Capital  £49,300  £55,500  £70,300 7. Monitor and Evaluating Performance Chairperson Brendan McAnulla will take charge of the management team which includes a Financial Manager, a Marketing manager, a HR manager and a Logistics manager. Data of daily corporate performance will be collected by computerised internal systems in such a way as allowing for the accomplishing of just-in-time stock control and dynamic promotional strategy adjustment. Monthly meetings will be held in order evaluate corporate performance and adjust strategic goals based on reported data. Annual board reports will enable evaluation of corporate performance within a financial year and in doing so satisfy shareholderà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s expectations of accurate performance and demonstrable organisational growth. Such reports will include annual appraisals of employee in terms of training and sales related performance data. The key aim of the monitoring strategy is both to assess but relate assessment to organisational flexibility in responding to customer needs and environmental dynamics. References Blythe, J. (2000) Marketing Communications, FT Prentice Hall, UK. Brooks, I. (2003) Organisational Behaviour: Individuals, Groups and Organisation Second Edition, Prentice Hall, Pearson Education Limited, UK. Cooper, C. (2005) Leadership and Management in the 21st Century: Business Challenges of the Future, Oxford University Press, Oxford New York. Donnelly, T., Barnes, S. Morris, D. (2005) Restructuring the Automotive Industry in the English West Midlands, Local Economy, Vol.20 Issue 3. Elliot, S. (2002) Introduction to B2C Strategies and Models, in Elliot, S. (ed) Electronic Commerce: B2C Strategies and Models, John Wiley Sons, UK. Frenie, J., Frenie, S. A Moore, C. (2003) Principles of Retailing, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford New York. Forrester Research (2000) UK Online Retail: From Minority to Mainstream, May, London. Galliers, B. Wiggins, A.( 2002) Internet Retailing in the United Kingdom, in Eliiot, S. (ed) Electronic Commerce: B2C Strategies and Models, John Wiley Sons,UK. Jobber, D. (2001) Principles Practice of Marketing 3rd edition, McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, London UK. Johnson, G. Scholes, K. (2002) Exploring Corporate Strategy: Text and Cases 6th edition, FT Prentice Hall, London UK. Kotler, P (1986) Marketing Management: Analysis, Planning and Control, Prentice Hall, New York USA. Margolis, B. (1996) Digital Commerce: the Future of Retailing, Direct Marketing, Vol. 41 Issue 6. Markham, J.E. (1998) The Future of Shopping: Traditional Patterns and Net Effects, Macmillan Business, London UK. Maslow, A. (1998) Maslow on Management, John Wiley, New York USA. Parceline (2005) Parceline Official Website, available from: https://www.parceline.com/index.htm Roy, R., Colner, S. Griggs, T. (2005) Estimating the Cost of a New Technology Intensive Automotive Aroduct: A Case Study Approach, International Journal of Production Economics, Vol . 97 Issue 2. Solley, S. (2005) Motor Industry Sets up Repair Standard, Marketing (UK), July 6th. White, C. (2004) Strategic Management, Palgrave, London UK.

Health Argumentative Essay Topics - Using Health Argumentative Essay Topics to Help Your Argument

Health Argumentative Essay Topics - Using Health Argumentative Essay Topics to Help Your ArgumentThere are a lot of reasons why you should take up health argumentative essay topics. These are things that people often use to create a point about something. And since they are really focused on a specific issue, they make for interesting topics that you can use to test your own arguments about things that happen in your life. But in this article, we will talk about how you can use this information in a way that would be easier for you to do.One reason that you should take up health argumentative essay topics is because you want to create a point that helps you defend your personal choices or your opinions. So that you can change your mind if it is somehow challenged.It would be really great if you can use health argumentative essay topics to make sure that you can do this without stepping on other people's toes. If you are really good at making your own decisions, then it is okay to sti ck to them, if the side of having health argumentative essay topics is on your side.You should also make sure that you do not just use a good health argumentative essay topics for your own sake. It is really important that you remember that other people have personal values that you can use as part of your arguments. When you try to use them in your own favor, you will not be able to get very far.So when you write an essay on health argumentative essay topics, you need to really pay attention to the things that you are talking about. You can use this as a tool to make your point stronger. And even if other people are using the same topics, you can still make your own point clearer by using the information that you can get.But because you are not someone who is great at doing research, you might get lost when you try to take up health argumentative essay topics on your own. But it is really easy to turn that into a tool by remembering that you can get all the information you need fro m other people's opinions.There are a lot of ways that you can use health argumentative essay topics, and you should use these to make sure that you can get what you need to know about a topic. Just make sure that you are not so easy to ignore when you are making your own choices.

Alexander Pope Essay - 6204 Words

The Rape of the Lock Context Alexander Pope was born in London in 1688. As a Roman Catholic living during a time of Protestant consolidation in England, he was largely excluded from the university system and from political life, and suffered certain social and economic disadvantages because of his religion as well. He was self-taught to a great extent, and was an assiduous scholar from a very early age. He learned several languages on his own, and his early verses were often imitations of poets he admired. His obvious talent found encouragement from his father, a linen-draper, as well as from literary-minded friends. At the age of twelve, Pope contracted a form of tuberculosis that settled in his spine, leaving him stunted and†¦show more content†¦After the publication of The Rape of the Lock, Pope spent many years translating the works of Homer. During the ten years he devoted to this arduous project, he produced very few new poems of his own but refined his taste in literature (and his moral, social, and political opinions) to an incredible degree. When he later recommenced to write original poetry, Pope struck a more serious tone than the one he gave to The Rape of the Lock. These later poems are more severe in their moral judgments and more acid in their satire: Popes Essay on Man is a philosophical poem on metaphysics, ethics, and human nature, while in the Dunciad Pope writes a scathing exposà © of the bad writers and pseudo-intellectuals of his day. Characters Belinda - Belinda is based on the historical Arabella Fermor, a member of Popes circle of prominent Roman Catholics. Robert, Lord Petre (the Baron in the poem) had precipitated a rift between their two families by snipping off a lock of her hair. The Baron - This is the pseudonym for the historical Robert, Lord Petre, the young gentleman in Popes social circle who offended Arabella Fermor and her family by cutting off a lock of her hair. In the poems version of events, Arabella is known as Belinda. Caryl - The historical basis for the Caryl character is John Caryll, a friend of Pope and of the two families that had becomeShow MoreRelatedThe Life of Alexander Pope859 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"An honest mans the noblest work of God.† Alexander Pope life was rough as a child because of his illness. In his early career, and even later in life he wrote a lot of famous poets. Alexander Pope lived his life as a famous writer until death from his childhood sickness Alexander Pope an, English poet was born on May 21, 1688 on Lombard Street in London. His father, Alexander Pope, a Roman Catholic, was a linen-draper who afterwards retired from business with a small fortune, and fixed his homeRead MoreAlexander Pope and Women Essay example1658 Words   |  7 PagesAlexander Pope may have been the adversary of female behavior the extent of this has long been in question. The writer’s satirical style towards the women of his era is evidence of his opinions. However, there are noticeable facts that generate a swaying effect on Pope’s views and the meaning of The Rape of the Lock. These details consist of the author’s personal life and symbolism contained in his mock epic poem, including the voices of Bella and Clarissa, which is an indication that he may notRead MoreRape of the Lock by Alexander Pope Essay596 Words   |  3 PagesRape of the Lock by Alexander Pope Alexander Popes The Rape of the Lock is not studied and admired only because of its style and form, but also for its base content and underlying themes. Popes ability to manipulate text into mock-heroic form, constructing a flow of satirical description is what makes this poem one of such quality. The piece was first published in 1712 by the request of Popes friend, John Caryll. It was to make peace between the Fermors and Petres, two prominent RomanRead MoreAlexander Pope and Christianity1360 Words   |  6 PagesChristianity in Essay on Man Alexander Pope is an eighteenth century writer who spent most of his life suffering. He had a rare form of tuberculosis which left him in constant pain. As a result of this disease, he never grew very tall. He was only about four and a half feet tall and he also experienced migraines (Greenblatt 2714). Despite all of Pope’s impediments, he managed to write Essay on Man which portrays an extremely optimistic outlook on life. Although Pope says that he â€Å"avoids all specificallyRead More Alexander Pope Essay1284 Words   |  6 Pages Alexander Pope nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The differences between eighteenth-century literature and romantic poems, with respect to history is constituted here. This is seen through the influential works of John Keats and Alexander Pope. These works are acknowledged as, quot;The Rape of Lockquot; and quot;The Eve of St. Agnes.quot; Alexander Pope takes his readers on a hatred filled epic. A robust piece of literature and love induced psychoses in, quot;The Rape of Lock.quot; On the otherRead MoreThe Rape Of Lock By Alexander Pope1448 Words   |  6 Pages A mock epic is an extended narrative poem in an elevated or dignified language that celebrating the feats of a legendary or traditional hero. In Alexander Pope’s, The Rape of Lock, his poem is a mock epic, not only because it is a long narrative poem; but his work consists in a series of events and revolves around beauty over brains. This mock epic satirizes not only sylphs, but also satirizes a woman’s ability to think logically than emotionally. The Rape of Lock is considered to be a mock epicRead MoreAn Essay On Man By Alexander Pope1265 Words   |  6 Pagesargues that social norms have a greater strong-hold on morality than the drive for economics, though they both do drive humans. In â€Å"An Essay on Man† by Alexander Pope, Pope suggests to readers that morality and economics are linked to God’s plan for every human being. The relationship between economics and morality are explored by Hobbes, Locke, and Pope throughout their respective works. Hobbes combines morality and economics by tackling the innate qualities of human beings. According to Hobbes, humansRead MoreAnalysis Of The Rape Of The Lock By Alexander Pope1134 Words   |  5 Pagesthe lives of everyday people? Words can wound, words can heal, but most importantly, words have purpose. To Alexander Pope, writing critical satire was worth being called a â€Å"hump-backed toad† (Cody). Even though Alexander Pope was only four and a half feet tall due to his medical problems, his words made him a giant that left his footprint in the writing world (â€Å"Alexander Pope†). Alexander Pope uses brilliant, biting satire in The Rape of the Lock to effectively point out the vices in 18th century EnglandRead MorePope Alexander was a Beautiful Writer643 Words   |  3 PagesAlexander Pope – a poet, landscape gardener, translator, and a satirist – is a famous public figure of the Enlightenment Era. One of his famous satire s would be â€Å"An Essay on Criticism† where Pope rebukingly criticizes people who wrongly criticize. The work of a satire which has a blend of humor and wit for the improvement of humanity and the use of these characteristics were a very popular way of writing literature in the EnlightenmentRead MoreAlexander Pope s The Rape Of The Lock1340 Words   |  6 Pagesliterature. Nonetheless, the themes and archetypes of these works known as epics are so well-known, that they are even parodied, take completely out of context, and pasted on the wall for laughs. One of the most recognized parodies of this kind would be Alexander Pope’s The Rape of the Lock. The Rape of the Lock is a story about taking a minor incident and satirizing it by making it into a huge and important epic of divine proportions. One might think of the phrase â€Å"a tempest in a teapot†, which perfectly

Shifting Away From A Punitive Criminal Justice System

Shifting away from a punitive criminal justice system, problem-solving courts have been criticized as being â€Å"soft† on crime. Offenders follow a personalized treatment plan instead of being sentenced to jail. This alternative allows the courts to address the underlying issues faced by offenders. Many argue by having courts address these underlying issues, it grants offenders an easy out after committing crimes. However, this criticism is unfounded. Problem-solving courts are not â€Å"soft† on crime. This innovation in courts has generated positive results such as lower rates of recidivism, a decrease in low-level crimes, improved street conditions, a raise in accountability, and stronger family relationships (Kaye, 2004). Problem-solving courts were built in response to the large influx of cocaine being distributed and â€Å"broken-window† policing (Kaye, 2004, p.131). With drug and quality-of-life crimes on the rise, courts were overwhelmed and defendants were not given proper attention. Many offenders would be released with no jail time. Those that received treatment or community service programs slipped through the cracks because there was no judicial monitoring (Kaye, 2004). Understanding the importance these crimes have on the community, Midtown Community Court opened in 1993 (Kaye, 2004). This would become the first court whose objective applied the problem-solving approach (Kaye, 2004). The problem-solving approach centers on the concept of restoring the relationship betweenShow MoreRelatedThe Punitive And Rehabilitative Approach As An Indispensable Part Of The Criminal Justice Reform Issue3487 Words   |  14 Pagesincarceration is an indispensable part of the criminal justice reform i ssue. This paper contrasts the punitive and rehabilitative approach as two central areas of offender incarceration. The contemporary society presents individuals with divergent viewpoints on methods of dealing with offenders. A section of the public believes that offender incarceration is not an effective method of dealing with offenders. Most offenders from prison end up engaging in criminal activities and find their way back to correctionalRead MoreThe Failure Of Imprisonment On The United States1876 Words   |  8 PagesAmerican Prisons The failure of imprisonment has been one of the most noticeable features of the current crisis in criminal justice systems. At best, prisons are able to provide a form or crude retribution to those unfortunate to be apprehended. At worst, prisons are brutalizing, cannot be shown to rehabilitate or deter offenders into society. If anything, American prisons are not fulfilling their purpose. Many people wonder why we have prisons today. Glenn Loury believes rehabilitation is aRead MorePublic Opinion And Policy Implications Of Television1810 Words   |  8 Pagesimportant standard regarding how the community view the criminal justice system. Most residents have very little contact with the criminal justice system, usually limited to contacts with police. Only an estimated 21 % of citizens have contact with police officers in a year, and 40 % of those contacts are merely traffic stops (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2002). Most people get their information and perceptions about crime and the criminal justice system through various media outlets. Those who rely onRead MoreFactors That Influenced The State Of The Criminal Justice System2263 Words   |  10 Pagesof the criminal justice system† (2013, p.260). This is so the criminal justice system is run in a more cost-effective, efficient way (Pratt, 2007, p.133). McLaughlin discusses two ‘waves’ of managerialism: the first being successive under New Right administrations focusing on creating an efficient, cost-effective, unified criminal justice system looking to reduce crime rates (McLaughlin, 2013, p.260). The second wave was enacted through New Labour to modernise the state and criminal justice systemRead MorePresident Nixon s The War On Drugs Essay2295 Words   |  10 Pagesnot only failed to deter crime but also lead to other problems in the criminal justice system. With the Rockefeller Drug Laws came heavy racial disparity of those incarcerated for drug related crimes. Although the Obama Administration h as begun reforms, the new President Elect Trump’s views may bring all the efforts back down. Nixon’s declaration had pushed law makers and politicians across the states to implement more punitive drug laws. Prior to the Nixon’s declaration, New York’s governor NelsonRead MoreCriminal Justice Policy And Planning4719 Words   |  19 Pages Criminal Justice Policy Planning Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 Thesis 4 Analyzing the Problem 5 Plea Bargaining 5 Budget Issues 6 Racial Disparity 6 Chart on Racial Disparity 7 Goals and Objectives 8 Stakeholders for Mandatory Minimum Sentences 8 Stakeholders against Mandatory Minimum Sentences 8 Impact Model 9 Designing the Program 10 Program Implementation and Monitoring 11 Developmental Implementation Programs Offered 11 Implementation PlanRead MoreMental Health in Texas Prisons and Jails2845 Words   |  12 PagesSWOK 534- Fall 2012 Mental Health in Texas prisons and jails October 13, 2012 University of Southern California A. Introduction: Issue, Policy, Problem: Texas has approximately 24.3 million residents according to 2010 state statistics from the National Alliance on Mental Illness. Close to 833,000 adults live with a serious mental illness. Within these 24.3 million residents of Texas in 2008, approximately 37,700 adults with a mental illness were incarcerated (NAMI.org). Additionally, thereRead MorePrison Reform Topic Paper : Prisons6604 Words   |  27 Pageseducators, and even prisoners are divided about the right answers. There is disagreement in the US about the purpose of the prison system. On the one hand, the regulations of the prison system may seek deterrence, incapacitation, or retribution to avoid appearing too soft on criminals (Zyl Smit, 2010; Rossum, 2003). On the other hand, the regulations of the prison system may seek to opportunities to resocialize prisoners or to effect changes in the character, attitudes, or behavior of the convictedRead MoreSociological View on Deviance and Drug Use Essay8777 Words   |   36 Pagesaddiction; the drug experience (how-vs.-why); the individual who uses; and how society views drug use. This literature review will use a selection of available documents on the topic, which contain information, ideas, data and evidence written from a particular standpoint to fulfill certain aims or express certain views on the nature of the topic and how it is to be investigated, and the effective evaluation of these documents in relation to the research being proposed. {Chris Hart, Doing aRead MoreSocial Determinants of Health10939 Words   |  44 Pagesthe same struggle, yet often when using the term Indigenous, a Torres Strait Islander history is absent. In this chapter both cultures are equally presented. Brief overviews are given of pre-contact times, colonisation, resistance and adaptation, shifting government policies, and the struggle for recognition. Indigenous identity and meanings of belonging in country, community and family are also briefly covered. Contemporary issues confronting Indigenous people are included, with particular attention

Behavioral Therapy For Individuals With Anorexia - 1806 Words

Anorexia nervosa is a harrowing mental illness for those affected by it. Those diagnosed with anorexia experience a relentless fear of weight gain and distorted body image, accompanied by disturbed patterns of eating in order to lose as much weight as possible. These individuals maintain a dangerously low body weight, which can lead to severe health complications. Due to the deadly nature of this mental illness, it is imperative to treat the affected individual as effectively as possible. There is a wide range of treatments available for anorexia, with no single treatment yet identified as the foremost option. Cognitive behavioral therapy is one treatment option that is recommended for patients suffering from anorexia. This method aims to†¦show more content†¦In order to main a low body weight, they engage in restrictive eating habits. This is known as the restrictive subtype of anorexia nervosa. These individuals follow low calorie diets, eating only â€Å"safe† food s that they feel comfortable with, and even fast to compensate for meals. Another way that individuals with the restrictive subtype of anorexia try to maintain a low body weight is through excessive exercise. Individuals affected by the binge-purge subtype of anorexia engage in binge eating and purging behaviors, which involves self-induced vomiting in order to compensate for overeating. These abnormal patterns of eating can lead to devastating physical effects because they are not receiving the adequate nutrition needed to sustain their body. They are severely underweight and their body weight is less than 85% of that expected for their age and height. This leads to numerous physical symptoms such as amenorrhea, growing fine hair all over the body in order to maintain body temperature, loss of bone density, slow heart rate, and premature death (Hobbs Johnson, 1996; Fairburn, 2008; Barbarich-Marsteller, 2012). The cause of anorexia is complex and unclear, but there is evidence to s upport that the illness has a genetic and sociocultural components, and that individuals with anorexia share common personality traits as well. Evidence supports that illness is inheritable and runs in families. AnShow MoreRelatedTreatment For Anorexia Nervos A Comparison Of Cognitive Behavior Therapy And Treatment933 Words   |  4 PagesMaintenance treatment for anorexia nervosa: A comparison of cognitive behavior therapy and treatment as usual. By: Jacqueline C. Carter, Traci L. McFarlane, Carmen Bewell, Marion P. Olmstead, D. Blake Woodside, Allan S. Kaplan, and Ross D. Crosby. This 2009 study was designed to examine the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy compared to Maintenance Treatment â€Å"as usual† in patients with Anorexia Nervosa. The study examined the relapse rate of patients with Anorexia Nervosa after undergoingRead MoreCauses Of Anorexia Nervosa1344 Words   |  6 PagesGiven that anorexia nervosa is associated with high rates of mortality, relapse, suicide, and a diminished quality of life, long-term prognosis does look very tragic, with recovery rates ranging from 25-70% (Guarda, 2008). The extant of anorexia nervosa long-term outcome studies have reported, â€Å"only one-third of individuals (37%) recover within 4 years after disease onset; this figure rises to almost half (47%) by year 10 and to 73% after 10 years post onset† (Zerwas et al., 2013). These statisticsRead MoreEssay on Different Types of Eating Disorders1136 Words   |  5 Pageswell-being. Individuals with these mental illnesses go to extremes when dealing with their weight or food intake. Although it is mostly common in women, men also struggle with an eating disorder, whether its anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or binge eating disorder. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that is characterized by extreme thinness, which is mostly accomplished by an individual through self-starvation. Bulimia nervosa is another life-threatening disorder where the individual have a constantRead More Psychotherapy for Anorexia Nervosa Essay1432 Words   |  6 PagesPsychotherapy for Anorexia Nervosa What is anorexia? Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that consists of self-regulated food restriction in which the person strives for thinness and also involves distortion of the way the person sees his or her own body. An anorexic person weighs less than 85% of their ideal body weight. The prevalence of eating disorders is between .5-1% of women aged 15-40 and about 1/20 of this number occurs in men. Anorexia affects all aspects of an affected personsRead MoreThe Effects Of Anorexia Nervosa On The Human Body1406 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of Anorexia Nervosa On the Human Body Anorexia is a lack or loss of appetite for food as a medical condition and is also considered an emotional disorder categorized by an obsessive desire to lose weight by refusing to eat. Anorexia is found in all people, male and female of any age and in some cases can be life threatening. The reason Anorexia and all eating disorders in general are important to study is because they are a significant part of society. Eating disorders also hold theRead MoreAnorexia Nervosa (Nutrition and Psychology Related)1638 Words   |  7 PagesVaratta HED: Nutrition Anorexia nervosa is a life threatening eating disorder defined by a refusal to maintain fifteen percent of a normal body weight through self-starvation (Arnold, page26). Ninety-five percent of anorexics are women between the ages of twelve and eighteen, however, Â…in the past twenty years, this disorder has become a growing threat to high school and college students (Arnold, page 39). Anorexia produces a multitude of symptoms, and if not treated, anorexia can lead to permanentRead More Anorexia Nervosa Essay1568 Words   |  7 Pages Anorexia nervosa is a life threatening eating disorder defined by a refusal to maintain fifteen percent of a normal body weight through self-starvation (NAMI 1). Ninety-five percent of anorexics are women between the ages of twelve and eighteen, however, â€Å"†¦in the past twenty years, this disorder has become a growing threat to high school and college students†(Maloney and Kranz 60). Anorexia produces a multitude of symptoms, and if n ot treated, anorexia can lead to permanent physical damage or deathRead MoreA Brief Note On Western Iowa Tech Anorexia Nervosa1069 Words   |  5 Pages Anorexia Nervosa Alma I Puga Western Iowa TechAnorexia Nervosa According to the National Institute of Mental Health, death from starvation, or medical complications, heart attacks or kidney failure, affects 1 out of every 10 cases of Anorexia. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that is most common in young adolescents girls . People diagnosed with this disorder have a distorted view of themselves and a fear of gaining weight. They often restrict how much food they eat in orderRead MoreAnorexia Nervos A Group Of Eating Disorders1696 Words   |  7 Pages Anorexia nervosa is psychiatric condition that is part of a group of eating disorders. It is associated with abnormally low body weight, extreme fear of gaining weight and a distorted perception of body image. Those with the disorder place a high value on controlling their weight to produce certain image. However, those suffering from the disorder more than likely use extreme efforts that tends to significantly interfere with their health and even normal activities or occupations in their l ivesRead MoreUnderstanding Anorexia Nervosa1008 Words   |  5 PagesAnorexia nervosa has the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric disorder, with more than 10% of those that suffer from it will die. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that is categorized by severe food restriction, excessive exercise and body dysmorphia, which leads those that suffer from it to believe that they are overweight. Anorexia nervosa is commonly misunderstood by the general public. Research has disproved many of the previous thoughts about anorexia nervosa. According to the scientific

Rosa Parks, the Mother of Civil Rights - 1060 Words

Rosa Parks was an African American woman who was brave enough to stand up to the whites. Even though she went to jail for what she did, she believes she did the right thing. What Rosa had done on the bus started boycotts and created more and more activists. People wonder if Rosa Parks was raised to stand up for herself or if she was supposed to stay quiet. Looking at Rosa’s life and what happened on the bus and beyond, it can be concluded that she was taught to take pride in her race. Rosa (McCauley) Parks was born on February 4, 1913 in Tuskegee, Alabama. Her parents were James and Leona McCauley. She was homeschooled by her mother, who was a school teacher, until the age of eleven. At eleven, Rosa moved to Montgomery with her aunt,†¦show more content†¦Many of them rode the bus every day to go to work or to run errands, so it was harder for them to get places. Police were using folderol and impetuous behavior towards the blacks who boycotted. Martin Luther King Jr. was threatened and the black churches, homes, and businesses were attacked by the whites. They had no protection against these people harassing them. The NAACP stood by the bus stops with signs letting bus drivers know they were not getting on the bus until they allow the blacks to sit wherever they would want to. The boycott hurt the bus company economically because most of the people that rode the buses were African Americans. Finally, after many months of protesting the NAACP and black citizens got what they worked for: On June 5, 1956, a Montgomery federal court ruled that any law requiring racially segregated seating on buses violated the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. That amendment, adopted in 1868 following the American Civil War (1861-65), guarantees all citizens, regardless of race, equal rights and equal protection under state and federal laws. The city appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, which upheld the lower court’s decision on December 20, 1956. Montgomery’s buses were integrated on December 21, 1956, and the boycott ended (History). This was an important time for the African Americans, especially Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King Jr. After Rosa Parks’ role in the Civil Rights Movement, she was fired from her job at theShow MoreRelatedRosa Parks and Her Courage1341 Words   |  6 PagesRosa Parks and Her Courage â€Å"You must never be fearful about what you are doing when it is right.† This was said by Rosa Parks. She was an enormous inspiration to the African American Race. She was one among many who lived in a rough time for African Americans. She lived in a time when equality wasn’t really equal. When African Americans were scared/ weren’t allowed to state their opinions on different matters. However, Rosa Parks was an individual who stood up for herself. Rosa Parks helped theRead MoreThe Courage Of Rosa Parks1566 Words   |  7 Pages1101 April 19, 2016 The Courage of Rosa Parks ‘’Each person must live their life as a model for others.’’ (Rosa Parks) Rosa Parks was tired of the way African Americans were poorly treated. She took a stand by not obeying a demand to give up her seat to a white passenger on a Montgomery bus. Because of her bold action she became a model to millions. Parks was an African American woman who became known for her bravery, which helped to change the nation. ‘’Parks spent most of her life fightingRead MoreRosa Parks Speech1283 Words   |  6 Pages Rosa Parks was the woman who deserved the label â€Å"Mother of the Civil Rights Movement† because she was and still is today has an effect on everyone who opposed segregation (Rosa Parks). When she refused to surrender her seat to a white passenger on a segregated Montgomery, Alabama, bus, that helped launch nationwide efforts to end segregation of public facilities (Rosa Parks). Rosa Parks was born Rosa Louise McCauley in Tuskegee, Alabama, to James McCauley, a carpenter, and Leona McCauley, a teacherRead MoreRosa Parks1690 Words   |  7 PagesRosa Parks, Causes and Consequences in her decision to change Black Civil Rights. Rosa Louise McCauley Parks was a black African American woman who was a civil rights activist. Rosa Parks was the â€Å"first lady of civil rights† she made a name for herself in history on the first of December 1955 while riding on the Montgomery Alabama bus. Rosa refused to give up her seat to a white passenger who had no where to sit as the bus as it was full. Even though Rosa was sitting in the right colour sectionRead More Rosa Louise Parks Essays1606 Words   |  7 PagesRosa Louise Parks   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The woman who earned the title â€Å"Mother of the Civil Rights Movement†, Rosa Louise Parks is an enormous inspiration to the African American race. Rosa was born in Tuskegee, Alabama on February 4, 1913 to James and Leona McCauley (The Life of Rosa Parks). Both of Rosa’s parents were born before slavery was banished from the United States. They suffered a difficult childhood, and after emancipation the conditions for blacks were not much better. Rosa’s mother was a schoolteacherRead MoreThe Life of Rosa Louise McCauley1215 Words   |  5 Pagesbecome who you really are. Rosa Parks was one of the individual who showed courage in the face of adversity. She was the woman who refused to give up her seat to a white passenger. She showed courage throughout her whole life and because of that, she is now remembered as a civil rights activist. Rosa Louise McCauley parks was born on February 4, 1913 in Tuskegee, Alabama. Her father James McCauley, was a carpenter and her mother, Leona Edward, was a teacher. Rosa Parks was an African American. WhenRead More Rosa Parks and the Civil Rights Movement Essay1294 Words   |  6 Pages Rosa Parks, also called the â€Å"Mother of the Civil Rights Movement,† was given the NAACPs Spingarn Medal and the Martin Luther King, Jr. nonviolent-peace prize. Rosa Parks was also awarded the Eleanor Roosevelt Woman of Courage award in 1984. Rosa’s influence and impact on the society is one that can never be replaced. Rosa was not only the person who took that seat, but she has plenty of respect because of her personality as a strong willed woman. Where did all this began? Rosa Louis McCauleyRead MoreRosa Parks And The Civil Rights Movement1082 Words   |  5 Pages African American, Rosa Parks was born in Tuskegee, Alabama on February 4th, 1913. Rosa was a civil rights activists and worked really hard to change the ways in Alabama. Rosa Parks was the start of a new beginning. She was the reason people had the courage to stand up for what they believed in. She also started the up rising of The Montgomery Bus Boycott and did a great change in the Civil Rights Movement. Rosa Parks’s childhood consisted of racial discrimination and activism for racial equalityRead MoreRosa Parks Changed the History of America Essay712 Words   |  3 Pagespeople. For years, the black community had complained that the situation was unfair. Parks said, My resisting being mistreated on the bus did not begin with that particular arrest, I did a lot of walking in Montgomery†. Rosa Louise McCauley was an African-American civil rights activist, whom the United States Congress called the first lady of civil rights and the mother of the freedom movement. One day in 1943, Parks boarded the bus and paid the fare. She then moved to her seat but driver James FRead MoreRosa Parks Biography1005 Words   |  5 Pagescomfortable environment of peace.† (Achievement, 2010) This quotation embodies Rosa Parks’s philosophy as a person. Rosa Parks is a great example of that philosophy because of what she did. On December 1, 1955 Rosa Parks was coming home from a tiring day at work and was sitting on the bus. At that time the law was if a white person needed your seat, a coloured person would have to give up their seat for the white person. Mrs. Parks was tired of this way so she refused the bus drivers request and that small